ʻO wai ʻo Satoshi Nakamoto?
Hoʻohou by ʻO Melhores Corretores
ʻO Satoshi Nakamoto ka mea mua Bitcoin ma Ianuali 3, 2009 — ma kahi o 18:15:05 UTC —. ʻO ia ka mea kūpono, ʻoiai ua kokoke mai ʻo Satoshi Bitcoin ʻoiai ʻo Alexander Graham Bell i ke kelepona.
Ua hōʻike ka mea hoʻokumu i ka hana ʻana i kahi kaiāulu pūnaewele liʻiliʻi o nā ʻepekema kamepiula a me nā mea hackers crypto-obsessed i ʻelua mahina ma mua.
Ma kēlā hiʻohiʻona, he inoa ʻohana ʻo Satoshi - inā ʻaʻole he inoa maoli. He mau makahiki ma mua o ka lohe ʻana o ka honua i kahi huaʻōlelo e pili ana iā Bitcoin, ua hoʻopuka kekahi e hoʻohana ana i ka inoa ʻo Satoshi Nakamoto ma nā papa leka uila a leka uila i nā mea hoʻomohala ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole ʻike i kahi wahi, kahi lāhui, a i ʻole kahi inoa maoli.
Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Satoshi i ka Bitcoin (BTC) a ʻike ʻo ia e hoʻomaka ana e kūleʻa, a no laila - i ʻApelila 2011 - ua hoʻouna ʻo ia i leka uila i kahi hoa hoʻomohala e ʻōlelo ana, "Ua neʻe au i nā mea ʻē aʻe."
Ma hope o kēlā? Satoshi Nakamoto ua nalowale pohihihi.
Satoshi Nakamoto: He aha kāna i ʻōlelo ai e pili ana i ka Bitcoin?
ʻO ka nīnau o ka ʻike maoli o ka mea nāna i hana ʻo Bitcoin kekahi o nā mea pohihihi o kēia wā.
ʻO wai ʻo Satoshi Nakamoto? No ke aha kēia inoa? A ma hea i hele ai ʻo Satoshi?
Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi ʻano kālā hou loa, i hele a hiki i kahi mākeke mākeke ma luna o $ 1 trillion, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Satoshi e loaʻa iā ia ma luna o hoʻokahi miliona bitcoins, ʻo ia ke kumu kūʻai he ʻumi mau piliona kālā e like me Malaki 2021. XNUMX.
(Manuahi: Ma kekahi mau wahi o ka mōʻaukala mua o Bitcoin, kapa mākou iā Satoshi ʻo "ʻo ia" a i ʻole "ʻo ia" no ka mea ʻo ka poʻe i kamaʻilio me Satoshi Nakamoto i kēlā manawa i manaʻo ʻia he kanaka ʻōpio ka mea nāna i hana Bitcoin.
Akā, ʻo ka Satoshi genus kekahi o nā mea ʻike ʻole. ʻO kekahi, inā paha i hana hoʻokahi ka mea hana Bitcoin; Ke manaʻo nei kekahi poʻe akamai he hui maoli ʻo Satoshi o nā mea hoʻomohala).
Inā haʻalele ʻo Satoshi i nā hōʻailona, hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma nā code a me nā memo i kākau ʻia e ka mea hana cryptogram ma waena o 2008 a me 2011.
ʻO ka hoʻopuka holoʻokoʻa, he mau haneli wale nō ka nui o nā memo no kahi hui āna i hana ai i kapa ʻia ʻo BitcoinTalk ma 2009, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ke ʻano he kikokikona kapu.
I kēia manawa, ua noʻonoʻo nā miliona o ka poʻe i nā ʻōlelo a Satoshi, akā i ka wā i kākau mua ʻia ai lākou, ua heluhelu ʻia lākou e kekahi mau lālā Hermetic o ka Palapala Leka Cryptography — i haku ʻia e nā polokalamu polokalamu loea i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻenehana no ke kamaʻilio paʻa.
Nui nā mea ma ka papa inoa leka i ʻike ʻia he "cypherpunks" nāna i kākoʻo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cryptography e hoʻololi i ka nohona a me ka politika.
Ma kāna iho, hoʻomaka ʻo Satoshi Nakamoto i ka helu ʻana i ka mana mua o Bitcoin ma ka ʻōlelo papahana C++ i kekahi manawa i ka puna o 2007.
Ma 2008, kaʻana like ʻo ia i kona manaʻo me ʻelua mau hoa cryptographers nāna i hoʻokuʻu i ka proto-cryptocurrency b-money a me nā kālā Hashcash. Ma hope koke iho, kaʻana like ʻo ia i kona manaʻo ma o ka Cryptography Mailing List.
Ua hoʻokipa mua ʻia ʻo Bitcoin me kahi ʻae hui. "I ka wā i hoʻolaha ai ʻo Satoshi i ka Bitcoin ma ka papa inoa leka uila, ua loaʻa iā ia kahi hoʻokipa kānalua i ka maikaʻi loa," i hoʻomanaʻo ai ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻo Hal Finney, ka mea mua i loaʻa iā Bitcoin mai Satoshi. "Ua ʻike ka poʻe cryptographers i nā hoʻolālā nui e nā noobs clueless. Loaʻa iā lākou ka hopena.
ʻO ka hoʻolaha ʻana o Satoshi ʻOkakopa 2008 - he pepa keʻokeʻo e hōʻike ana i ka mechanics o Bitcoin - ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka leo bombastic āu e manaʻo ai mai kahi mea i hoʻomaopopo e kokoke ana ʻo ia e hoʻololi i ka honua. "Ke hana nei au i kahi ʻōnaehana kālā uila hou me ka ʻole o nā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu i hilinaʻi ʻia," kākau ʻo Satoshi.
Akā, ua hoʻopuka kahi palapala liʻiliʻi ʻeiwa ʻaoʻao i kahi hopena i kahi pilikia paʻakikī i hoʻopilikia i ke kaiāulu cypherpunk no nā makahiki. He hoʻohana ʻia ke kālā ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa i nā hana like ʻole i kahi ʻōnaehana crypto i hāʻawi ʻia, Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Satoshi "ka pilikia hoʻolimalima pālua."
Pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke pale i kahi ʻāpana me ke ʻano kino ʻole mai ka hoʻopili ʻana e like me nā faila kamepiula ʻē aʻe a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia - ke ʻano o ka hāʻawi ʻana o nā keiki i nā kope pau ʻole o Eminem mp3s ma o Napster i nā makahiki 2000?
"Ke hāpai nei mākou i kahi hoʻonā i ka pilikia hoʻolimalima pālua me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pūnaewele peer-to-peer," i kākau ai ʻo Satoshi.
ʻO ka ʻōnaehana peer-to-peer e hoʻopau i ka pono no kekahi ʻano o ka mana koʻikoʻi (e like me kahi hui kāleka hōʻaiʻē a i ʻole kahi panakō) e hōʻoia i nā kālepa.
ʻO ka pono o nā mana koʻikoʻi, i manaʻo ʻia e Satoshi, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka hāʻule ʻole no nā hoʻāʻo mua i nā kālā virtual. "He nui ka poʻe e hoʻokuʻu wale i ka e-kālā ma ke kumu nalowale ma muli o nā ʻoihana pau ʻole mai ka makahiki 90," i kākau ai ʻo ia.
"Ke manaʻolana nei au he mea maopopo ʻo ia wale nō ke ʻano o ke kikowaena o kēlā mau ʻōnaehana i hoʻopaʻi iā lākou. Manaʻo wau ʻo kēia ka manawa mua he ʻōnaehana decentralized mākou, ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka hilinaʻi. "
No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia ʻōnaehana hilinaʻi ʻole, ua noi ʻo Satoshi i kahi alakaʻi (ke alakaʻi) ka palapala kaʻana like i loaʻa i ka lehulehu e palapala i kēlā me kēia kālepa. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia "ka blockchain (Blockchain) ".
ʻO ke kūʻokoʻa ʻana o Bitcoin mai ka ʻōnaehana kālā e kū nei he manaʻo ia he mea maikaʻi loa ia i kēlā manawa, ʻoiai ua ʻike ʻo Satoshi i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana kālā o ka honua ma muli o ka nui o ka pili ʻole i hana ʻia e nā panakō kālā nui. kūʻai kālā.
"ʻO ke kumu pilikia me ke kālā maʻamau, ʻo ia ka hilinaʻi āpau e pono ai e hana," wahi a Satoshi. "Pono e hilinaʻi ʻia nā panakō e hoʻopaʻa i kā mākou kālā a hoʻoili iā ia me ka uila, akā hāʻawi lākou i nā nalu o nā ʻāʻī ʻaiʻē me kahi hapa wale nō i mālama ʻia."
Ma ke "hoʻohālike hilinaʻi" o ke kālepa ma o Internet, ʻO nā poʻe ʻekolu e like me nā mea hoʻoponopono uku e hōʻiliʻili i nā uku no ka hana ʻana ma ke ʻano he mau mea waena. Hiki i ka Bitcoin ke hoʻopau i nā middlemen. A i ka makahiki 2010, ua hoʻohuli nui ʻia ka manaʻo ma waho o ka hiʻohiʻona cryptocurrency.
I Kekemapa, ua manaʻo kahi ʻatikala ma PC World e hiki ke lilo ʻo Bitcoin i mea hana e hiki ai iā Wikileaks ke hoʻohana e pale aku i ke keakea ʻana o ke aupuni. Ua pane ʻo Satoshi me ka manaʻo maʻamau. "He mea maikaʻi ia e kiʻi i kēlā manaʻo ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo ia ma ka forum Bitcoin. "Kākaʻi ʻo WikiLeaks i ka pūnana naʻau, a ke poʻo nei ka ʻōhui iā mākou."
Satoshi Nakamoto: Mahope o ke Alahele o BHeluhelu
Ua nānā ka poʻe nūpepa, hackers a me nā keʻena naʻauao alahele palaoa (hoʻokele no ka palaoa) i haʻalele ai ʻo Satoshi me ka manaʻolana e koho i ka ʻike o ka mea hoʻokumu Bitcoin.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole i haʻi ʻo Satoshi i nā kikoʻī pilikino i kāna mau kamaʻilio ʻana, ua wehewehe ʻo ia iā ia iho (ma kahi ʻaoʻao ma kahi ʻaha hui peer-to-peer) he kanaka 37 makahiki e noho ana ma ka ʻO Iapana - he ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole manaʻoʻiʻo kekahi. No hea mai ʻo ia?
Ua haʻalele ʻo Satoshi i kahi hua manu Easter i loko o ka metadata poloka Genesis - ka Bitcoin mua loa i ʻeli ʻia: "The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor ma ka piko o ka lua bailout no nā panakō." Aia ka kikokikona mai kahi poʻomanaʻo ma ka Times of London i kēlā lā.
Ua hoʻohana ʻo Satoshi i nā huaʻōlelo Pelekane e like me "favor", "math", "flat" (no kona hale) a me ka huaʻōlelo "paʻakikī loa". ʻO kēia mau mea a pau e kuhikuhi ana i ka mea hoʻokumu i hele mai a kamaʻāina paha o ka ʻO United Kingdom - ke ʻole ʻo Satoshi i hana i nā herrings ʻulaʻula mai nā lā mua o ka hāpai ʻana iā Bitcoin.
ʻO ka poʻe noiʻi, ma ka nānā ʻana i nā kaha manawa o nā hana pūnaewele like ʻole a Satoshi, ua hōʻemi i nā palena manawa o ka mea hana Bitcoin i United Kingdom (GMT), hikina. USA (EST), a i ʻole US Pacific (PST).
Manaʻo kekahi poʻe ʻaʻole he kanaka maoli ʻo Satoshi, akā he hui o nā mea papahana, ʻo ia paha me kahi mea hana i loko o ka NSA.
"He mea papahana papahana honua, me ka ʻike hohonu i ka ʻōlelo hoʻolālā C++," i haʻi aku ai ʻo Dan Kaminsky, kekahi o nā mea noiʻi palekana pūnaewele koʻikoʻi o ka honua, The New Yorker ma 2011. hoʻokele waiwai, cryptography, a me nā pūnaewele peer-to-peer”.
Ka hopena o Kaminsky? "A i ʻole he hui o nā poʻe i hana i kēia a i ʻole he kanaka akamai kēia."
Wehe ʻia ʻo Satoshi Nakamoto
Inā he kanaka hoʻokahi wale nō ʻo Satoshi, aia ʻo ia i kahi pūʻulu loea o nā mea polokalamu polokalamu i helu ʻia i nā kakini. Ua ulu nui nā manaʻo e pili ana i kona ʻano.
Ua hoohenehene kekahi. Ma 2014, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Newsweek i ka hauʻoli nui ua loaʻa i ka makasina ka mea nāna i hana ʻo Bitcoin ma Kaleponi Hema - ma ke ʻano o kahi physicist hoʻomaha makahiki 64 i kapa ʻia ʻo Dorian Satoshi Nakamoto.
Ma muli o kona huikau maoli i ka ʻike ʻana e pili ana i kāna mea i manaʻo ʻia i hana ʻia, ʻo Nakamoto wale nō ka inoa like. (ʻO Satoshi, a i ʻole kekahi mea ʻē aʻe i loaʻa i kāna mau kikoʻī kikoʻī, ua ʻike hou ʻia ma ka forum Bitcoin ma 2014 e haʻi aku, "ʻAʻole wau ʻo Dorian Nakamoto.")
Ma keʻano maʻamau, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole ʻo Satoshi. Aia ʻo Jörg Molt, he DJ lauoho lauoho ʻo German Vegas-magician i kūʻai aku iā ia iho ma ke ʻano he "co-founder of Bitcoin" e kūʻai aku, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, kahi waina sparkling branded Bitcoin.
A ʻo Australian Craig Steven Wright, ʻo ia, e like me ka ʻatikala 2019 Wired, "i haku ʻia bitcoin, a i ʻole [he] mea kiʻi kiʻi akamai i makemake nui iā mākou e manaʻoʻiʻo ua hana ʻo ia."
ʻElua o nā mea hoʻopiʻi i ʻae ʻia i hōʻole i ka pilina. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ia ka paionia crypto ʻo Hal Finney (ka cypherpunk i hoʻohana mua iā Bitcoin).
Ua make ʻo ia i ka ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) i ka makahiki 2014 akā ua kūpaʻa ʻo ia i kona make ʻana ʻaʻole ʻo ia ʻo Satoshi a ʻaʻole ʻo ia i ʻike i ka ʻike maoli o ka mea hana Bitcoin.
I ka pau ʻana o kāna ALS, ua hoʻoikaika ʻo ia i nā nīnau mai kahi mea kākau moʻolelo Forbes ma o ka polokalamu nānā maka: "Loaʻa iā ʻoe nā moʻolelo o kaʻu hana ʻana i ka hoʻolaha Bitcoin, a ua paʻakikī wau e hoʻomaopopo iā ʻoe.
Manaʻo wau hiki iā ʻoe ke pane aku ua hiki iaʻu ke hoʻopunipuni, akā ʻaʻole maopopo iaʻu ka mea e ʻōlelo aku ai i kēlā. " Ua hoʻololi au i ka code Bitcoin, a ʻokoʻa loa koʻu ʻano me ko Satoshi. Hoʻolālā wau ma C, kūpono ia me C++, akā ʻaʻole maopopo iaʻu nā hana hoʻopunipuni a Satoshi i hoʻohana ai.
ʻO kekahi mea i manaʻo nui ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻepekema kamepiula a me ka cypherpunk Nick Szabo (ka mea kākau o ka ʻaelike akamai ʻO ia ka mana i hoʻokaʻawale i nā noi kālā a me ka mea nāna i hana i ka 1998 Bitcoin Bit Gold precursor), nāna i hōʻole mau i kona komo ʻana.
He kumu maʻalahi e manaʻoʻiʻo iā ia? He mea komo ikaika ʻo Szabo i ka hanana crypto ma mua, i ka wā a ma hope o Bitcoin, ma lalo o kona inoa ponoʻī. No ke aha ʻo ia i hana ai i kahi ʻike hoʻopunipuni no kēia papahana hoʻokahi?
Aia nō hoʻi ka manaʻo ʻino a me ka hoʻomau ʻana i hiki iā Satoshi ke lilo i subliminal cryptographer i kapa ʻia ʻo Len Sassaman, nāna i pepehi iā ia iho ma 2011 ma hope o ke kaua lōʻihi me ke kaumaha.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo,ʻelua mahina ma mua o ka pepehi kanakaʻana o Sassaman, ma kekahi o nā kamaʻilio hope loa a Satoshi, ua hoʻouna ka mea hoʻopuka Bitcoin i kahi leka uila cryptic i kekahi mea hoʻomohala'ē aʻe e'ōlelo anaʻo ia "ʻaʻole paha e puni i ka wā e hiki mai ana."
No ke aha e makemake ai ʻo Satoshi Nakamoto e noho inoa ʻole?
Inā ola a hanu ka Satoshi maoli, aia kekahi mau kumu koʻikoʻi e noho huna ai. He moʻolelo paʻa paʻa ko ke aupuni US no ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā poʻe me ka wiwo ʻole e hana i kahi mea hoʻokūkū i ke kālā.
E like me ka New Yorker i hōʻike ai:
Ua haʻi ka FBI "he uhaki i ke kānāwai federal no kēlā me kēia kanaka. E hana i ke kālā pilikino a i ʻole nā ʻōnaehana kālā e hoʻokūkū me ke kālā kūhelu a me ke kālā o ka 'O'Amelika Huipu'ia".
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻopiʻi ka poʻe hoʻopiʻi federal i nā ʻano hoʻopiʻi kūʻē i nā mea nāna i hoʻokumu i kahi hui mua i kapa ʻia ʻo e-Gold ma 2007, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana ʻaʻole i pale ko lākou ʻaʻahu i ka hoʻopiʻi kālā a i ʻole nā hewa ʻē aʻe.
Ke manaʻo nei e ola ana ka mea nāna i hana Bitcoin, hiki iā Satoshi ke hele i kona ala e lilo i kanaka waiwai loa ma ka honua. Akā aia kekahi ʻano hoʻohiwahiwa.
E like me kaulahao poloka o Bitcoin ua hamama, ua hiki no ka poe noiʻi e plausibly ike i ka nui o ka Bitcoin i mied Satoshi i nā lā mua o kāna hana.
I ka wā mua, i ka wā i hoʻouna ai ʻo Satoshi i kekahi mau ʻāpana Bitcoin i nā mea hoʻāʻo mua e like me Finney, ʻaʻole i hoʻouna ʻia nā kālā a Satoshi a i hoʻolilo ʻia, a i ʻole ka nui o nā ʻano.
I ka hala ʻana o nā makahiki he ʻumi, i ka ulu ʻana o ka waiwai o ka mea hoʻokumu ʻo Bitcoin a hiki ke lilo i ʻumi mau piliona kālā, ʻo ka hapa o ke kālā a Satoshi i hana maoli ʻia ʻaʻole i hoʻopili ʻia - kahi huna nui o nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "nā kālā nalowale" i hiki ke lilo. i ka holo ana, aole nae.
Satoshi Nakamoto: Hōʻuluʻulu
No laila ʻo wai ʻo Satoshi? ʻO kekahi o nā mea kānalua nui? ʻO kekahi o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka mea nāna i hana ʻo Bitcoin i nā makahiki? ʻAʻohe kanaka i kānalua? Ua ola a make paha ʻo Satoshi? He mea hana hoʻokahi a he hui paha?
I ka hala ʻana o nā makahiki, ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole mākou e ʻike i nā pane.
ʻO ka mea i koe iā mākou, ʻo ia ka hana ʻana o Satoshi i ka trilion-dollar, kahi huna huna liʻiliʻi, a he makana hope paha.
"ʻO nā kālā i nalowale wale nō e hoʻonui iki i nā kālā o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe," i kākau ai ʻo Satoshi, ma ka pane ʻana i kahi pae BitcoinTalk 2010 e pili ana i nā mea hoʻohana e nalowale ana i kā lākou mau ʻeke. "E noʻonoʻo iā ia he makana no nā mea a pau."